femtowatt | 1 fW | 2 fW | 3 fW | 4 fW | 5 fW | 6 fW | 7 fW | 8 fW | 9 fW | 10 fW | 11 fW | 12 fW | 13 fW | 14 fW | 15 fW | 16 fW | 17 fW | 18 fW | 19 fW | 20 fW | 21 fW | 22 fW | 23 fW | 24 fW | 25 fW | 26 fW | 27 fW | 28 fW | 29 fW | 30 fW | 31 fW | 32 fW | 33 fW | 34 fW | 35 fW | 36 fW | 37 fW | 38 fW | 39 fW | 40 fW | 41 fW | 42 fW | 43 fW | 44 fW | 45 fW | 46 fW | 47 fW | 48 fW | 49 fW | 50 fW | 51 fW | 52 fW | 53 fW | 54 fW | 55 fW | 56 fW | 57 fW | 58 fW | 59 fW | 60 fW | 61 fW | 62 fW | 63 fW | 64 fW | 65 fW | 66 fW | 67 fW | 68 fW | 69 fW | 70 fW | 71 fW | 72 fW | 73 fW | 74 fW | 75 fW | 76 fW | 77 fW | 78 fW | 79 fW | 80 fW | 81 fW | 82 fW | 83 fW | 84 fW | 85 fW | 86 fW | 87 fW | 88 fW | 89 fW | 90 fW | 91 fW | 92 fW | 93 fW | 94 fW | 95 fW | 96 fW | 97 fW | 98 fW | 99 fW | 100 fW |
petawatt | 1.0 × 10-30 PW | 2.0 × 10-30 PW | 3.0 × 10-30 PW | 4.0 × 10-30 PW | 5.0 × 10-30 PW | 6.0 × 10-30 PW | 7.0 × 10-30 PW | 8.0 × 10-30 PW | 9.0 × 10-30 PW | 1.0 × 10-29 PW | 1.1 × 10-29 PW | 1.2 × 10-29 PW | 1.3 × 10-29 PW | 1.4 × 10-29 PW | 1.5 × 10-29 PW | 1.6 × 10-29 PW | 1.7 × 10-29 PW | 1.8 × 10-29 PW | 1.9 × 10-29 PW | 2.0 × 10-29 PW | 2.1 × 10-29 PW | 2.2 × 10-29 PW | 2.3 × 10-29 PW | 2.4 × 10-29 PW | 2.5 × 10-29 PW | 2.6 × 10-29 PW | 2.7 × 10-29 PW | 2.8 × 10-29 PW | 2.9 × 10-29 PW | 3.0 × 10-29 PW | 3.1 × 10-29 PW | 3.2 × 10-29 PW | 3.3 × 10-29 PW | 3.4 × 10-29 PW | 3.5 × 10-29 PW | 3.6 × 10-29 PW | 3.7 × 10-29 PW | 3.8 × 10-29 PW | 3.9 × 10-29 PW | 4.0 × 10-29 PW | 4.1 × 10-29 PW | 4.2 × 10-29 PW | 4.3 × 10-29 PW | 4.4 × 10-29 PW | 4.5 × 10-29 PW | 4.6 × 10-29 PW | 4.7 × 10-29 PW | 4.8 × 10-29 PW | 4.9 × 10-29 PW | 5.0 × 10-29 PW | 5.1 × 10-29 PW | 5.2 × 10-29 PW | 5.3 × 10-29 PW | 5.4 × 10-29 PW | 5.5 × 10-29 PW | 5.6 × 10-29 PW | 5.7 × 10-29 PW | 5.8 × 10-29 PW | 5.9 × 10-29 PW | 6.0 × 10-29 PW | 6.1 × 10-29 PW | 6.2 × 10-29 PW | 6.3 × 10-29 PW | 6.4 × 10-29 PW | 6.5 × 10-29 PW | 6.6 × 10-29 PW | 6.7 × 10-29 PW | 6.8 × 10-29 PW | 6.9 × 10-29 PW | 7.0 × 10-29 PW | 7.1 × 10-29 PW | 7.2 × 10-29 PW | 7.3 × 10-29 PW | 7.4 × 10-29 PW | 7.5 × 10-29 PW | 7.6 × 10-29 PW | 7.7 × 10-29 PW | 7.8 × 10-29 PW | 7.9 × 10-29 PW | 8.0 × 10-29 PW | 8.1 × 10-29 PW | 8.2 × 10-29 PW | 8.3 × 10-29 PW | 8.4 × 10-29 PW | 8.5 × 10-29 PW | 8.6 × 10-29 PW | 8.7 × 10-29 PW | 8.8 × 10-29 PW | 8.9 × 10-29 PW | 9.0 × 10-29 PW | 9.1 × 10-29 PW | 9.2 × 10-29 PW | 9.3 × 10-29 PW | 9.4 × 10-29 PW | 9.5 × 10-29 PW | 9.6 × 10-29 PW | 9.7 × 10-29 PW | 9.8 × 10-29 PW | 9.9 × 10-29 PW | 1.0 × 10-28 PW |
The femtowatt (fW) is equal to one quadrillionth (10−15) of a watt. Technologically important powers that are measured in femtowatts are typically found in reference(s) to radio and radar receivers. For example, meaningful FM tuner performance figures for sensitivity, quieting and signal-to-noise require that the RF energy applied to the antenna input be specified. These input levels are often stated in dBf (decibels referenced to 1 femtowatt). This is 0.2739 microvolt across a 75-ohm load or 0.5477 microvolt across a 300-ohm load; the specification takes into account the RF input impedance of the tuner.
Name of unit | Symbol | Definition | Relation to SI units | Unit System |
---|---|---|---|---|
femtowatt | fW | = 10-15 W | = 10-15 W | Metric system SI |
femtowatts | petawatts | femtowatts | petawatts |
---|---|---|---|
1 | = 1.0E-30 | 6 | = 6.0E-30 |
2 | = 2.0E-30 | 7 | = 7.0E-30 |
3 | = 3.0E-30 | 8 | = 8.0E-30 |
4 | = 4.0E-30 | 9 | = 9.0E-30 |
5 | = 5.0E-30 | 10 | = 1.0E-29 |
The petawatt (PW) is equal to one quadrillion (1015) watts and can be produced by the current generation of lasers for time-scales on the order of picoseconds (10−12 s). One such laser is the Lawrence Livermore's Nova laser, which achieved a power output of 1.25 PW (1.25×1015 W) by a process called chirped pulse amplification. The duration of the pulse was roughly 0.5 ps (5×10−13 s), giving a total energy of 600 J.
Name of unit | Symbol | Definition | Relation to SI units | Unit System |
---|---|---|---|---|
petawatt | PW | = 1015 W | = 1015 W | Metric system SI |
petawatts | femtowatts | petawatts | femtowatts |
---|---|---|---|
1 | = 1.0E+30 | 6 | = 6.0E+30 |
2 | = 2.0E+30 | 7 | = 7.0E+30 |
3 | = 3.0E+30 | 8 | = 8.0E+30 |
4 | = 4.0E+30 | 9 | = 9.0E+30 |
5 | = 5.0E+30 | 10 | = 1.0E+31 |
femtowatts | petawatts |
---|---|
1 | = 1.0 × 10-30 |
1.0 × 1030 | = 1 |
Symbol | Definition |
---|---|
≡ | exactly equal |
≈ | approximately equal to |
= | equal to |
digits | indicates that digits repeat infinitely (e.g. 8.294 369 corresponds to 8.294 369 369 369 369 …) |